{"id":772,"date":"2026-03-05T12:38:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T11:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/?p=772"},"modified":"2026-03-09T11:51:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T10:51:58","slug":"querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/fr\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\/","title":{"rendered":"50% des victimes du franquisme \u00e9valu\u00e9es par Sira ont subi une simulation de mort."},"content":{"rendered":"

Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra, coordinatrice du Centre Sira, a t\u00e9moign\u00e9 en tant qu'expert \u00e0 Buenos Aires, dans le cadre de la \u201cQuerella Argentina\u201d, le seul proc\u00e8s contre le franquisme en vigueur.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Depuis 2017, le Centre Sira a men\u00e9 des expertises sur 26 cas de torture perp\u00e9tr\u00e9s sous la dictature de Franco. Protocole d'Istanbul<\/a><\/strong>.C\u2019est pourquoi, en sa qualit\u00e9 d\u2019experte, la coordinatrice de l\u2019entit\u00e9, Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra<\/strong>, s'est rendu \u00e0 Buenos Aires pour t\u00e9moigner devant le Tribunal p\u00e9nal et correctionnel f\u00e9d\u00e9ral n\u00b0 1 de Buenos Aires, pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par le juge Mar\u00eda Romilda Servini<\/a><\/strong>.L\u00f3pez faisait partie de la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation de CEAQUA<\/a> <\/strong>qui s'est rendu en Argentine dans le but de fournir de nouveaux \u00e9l\u00e9ments de preuve documentaires, d'experts et de t\u00e9moignages, qui permettraient d'obtenir de nouvelles accusations contre les responsables des crimes commis pendant la dictature et la transition.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

La coordinatrice du centre Sira a soulign\u00e9 dans son intervention devant le tribunal que toutes les personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es souffraient de interrogatoire coercitif<\/strong>. Par le biais de diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes de torture, la police franquiste a cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 briser la volont\u00e9<\/strong> des personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es et d'obtenir de nouveaux actes d'accusation. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, elle souligne \u00e9galement qu'entre 1970 et 1978, toutes les personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es ont souffert de la torture physique et psychologique <\/strong>On peut donc en d\u00e9duire que leurs m\u00e9thodes \u00e9taient syst\u00e9matiques et ne variaient pas. 90% des victimes d\u00e9clarent avoir subi des actes humiliants et 70% des actes honteux. <\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Toutes les personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es par le Centre \u00e9taient moins de 26 ans au moment de leur arrestation<\/strong>.Plus de la moiti\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 conduits en cellule de garde \u00e0 vue sans \u00eatre inform\u00e9s du motif de leur arrestation, et ce par des agents en civil. Tous ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tenus pendant plusieurs jours (jusqu'\u00e0 32 jours dans certains cas) puis transf\u00e9r\u00e9s en prison sans aucune garantie l\u00e9gale. C'est au moment de leur arrestation qu'ils subissent des tortures physiques et psychologiques pendant plusieurs jours aux mains des agents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conditions de d\u00e9tention inhumaines<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

38,9% des personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 dans la des conditions de d\u00e9tention inhumaines<\/strong>. Les personnes \u00e9taient limit\u00e9es dans leur alimentation, leur acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l'eau ou leur temps pour aller aux toilettes. En outre, elles \u00e9taient soumises \u00e0 des conditions changeantes de temp\u00e9rature, de lumi\u00e8re et de bruit, ce qui entra\u00eenait un stress constant. d\u00e9sorientation<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D'apr\u00e8s le nombre total de victimes du franquisme \u00e9valu\u00e9, il est \u00e9galement clair que la police a constamment cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 susciter la peur parmi les d\u00e9tenus : 83,3% ont souffert. menaces<\/strong>, qui, dans de nombreux cas, font \u00e9galement allusion \u00e0 leur parents<\/strong>; et le 33% a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin de la torture d'autres personnes<\/strong>. Outre ces r\u00e9sultats, il convient de noter que plus de la moiti\u00e9 des victimes \u00e9valu\u00e9es souffraient de simulation de la mort<\/strong>. En raison de la duret\u00e9 de la torture, 17% des personnes ont fait des tentatives d'automutilation pendant leur d\u00e9tention<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201d80% des expertes consid\u00e8rent que la p\u00e9riode de d\u00e9tention les a expos\u00e9es \u00e0 un combat physique et psychologique contre leur propre corps.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Torture syst\u00e9matis\u00e9e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Les actes douloureux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 continus tout au long des d\u00e9tentions. Presque toutes les personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 battues ou soumises \u00e0 des m\u00e9thodes d'asphyxie, soit \u00e0 sec, soit au moyen d'un sac, soit dans une baignoire. Les personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es ont re\u00e7u des coups de pied, des gifles, des coups de matraque, des annuaires t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques ou ont \u00e9t\u00e9 frapp\u00e9es simultan\u00e9ment par des officiers, dans des couloirs ou des halls. Nombre de ces coups ont \u00e9t\u00e9 port\u00e9s alors que les personnes \u00e9taient attach\u00e9es de force, encha\u00een\u00e9es \u00e0 un radiateur ou oblig\u00e9es de rester debout pendant des heures ou accroupies. 80% des victimes du franquisme examin\u00e9es consid\u00e8rent que la p\u00e9riode de d\u00e9tention les a expos\u00e9es \u00e0 un combat physique contre leur propre corps.<\/strong>. En outre, un 40% d\u00e9clare avoir souffert de violences sexuelles<\/strong>, ce qui inclut les attouchements forc\u00e9s ou la nudit\u00e9 forc\u00e9e.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En ce qui concerne les tortures de nature strictement psychologique, 78% des personnes ont souffert de manipulation affective. Il s'agit de situations dans lesquelles les tortionnaires cherchent \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des liens avec les victimes, dont ils peuvent ensuite extraire des informations \u00e0 leur profit. Selon le coordinateur du Centre Sira, il s'agit \u201cd'un jeu de r\u00f4le dans lequel quelqu'un joue un r\u00f4le favorable au d\u00e9tenu ou de la cr\u00e9ation de situations ambigu\u00ebs qui provoquent la confusion\u201d. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En termes de cons\u00e9quences, le nombre total de personnes a souffert de s\u00e9quelles physiques imm\u00e9diates et pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 d'entre elles ont souffert de s\u00e9quelles physiques \u00e0 long terme. Aujourd'hui, 70% des personnes \u00e9valu\u00e9es souffrent du syndrome de stress post-traumatique.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNous sommes loin de l'Argentine\u201d.\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Dans un interview pour El Salto<\/a><\/strong>, La coordinatrice du centre Sira rapporte qu'elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin de la mani\u00e8re dont le gouvernement et les juges espagnols ont bloqu\u00e9 \u00e0 la fois les informations demand\u00e9es par le juge argentin et les pri\u00e8res des victimes pour qu'elles t\u00e9moignent sur le sol espagnol. \u201cMon sentiment est que la juge Servini est tr\u00e8s dispos\u00e9e, mais qu'elle rencontre beaucoup de difficult\u00e9s en raison du manque de coop\u00e9ration de l'\u00c9tat espagnol\u201d, explique-t-elle. Pour Gabriela, il reste encore un long chemin \u00e0 parcourir avant que l'Espagne ne soit dans une position similaire \u00e0 celle de l'Argentine en termes de justice et de r\u00e9paration pour les victimes de la dictature : \u00abNous sommes loin de l'Argentine, o\u00f9 il y a 1 200 militaires condamn\u00e9s. Ils avaient aussi une loi d'amnistie qu'ils ont r\u00e9voqu\u00e9e et un r\u00e9cit qui est pass\u00e9 du silence au cri de \u00abplus jamais \u00e7a\u00bb dans un exercice de croissance d\u00e9mocratique pour la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 argentine et ses nouvelles g\u00e9n\u00e9rations\u00bb, souligne-t-il.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra, coordinadora del Centro Sira, testific\u00f3 como perito en Buenos Aires, en el marco de la \u201cQuerella Argentina\u201d, la \u00fanica querella contra el franquismo vigente Desde el a\u00f1o 2017, el Centro Sira ha realizado evaluaciones periciales a 26 casos de tortura durante la dictadura franquista, mediante el Protocolo de Estambul.  Es por ello que, en calidad de perito, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-memoria-historica"],"yoast_head":"\nEl 50% de las v\u00edctimas del franquismo evaluadas por Sira sufrieron simulaci\u00f3n de muerte - Centro Sira<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/fr\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El 50% de las v\u00edctimas del franquismo evaluadas por Sira sufrieron simulaci\u00f3n de muerte - Centro Sira\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra, coordinadora del Centro Sira, testific\u00f3 como perito en Buenos Aires, en el marco de la \u201cQuerella Argentina\u201d, la \u00fanica querella contra el franquismo vigente Desde el a\u00f1o 2017, el Centro Sira ha realizado evaluaciones periciales a 26 casos de tortura durante la dictadura franquista, mediante el Protocolo de Estambul.  Es por ello que, en calidad de perito, […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/fr\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Centro Sira\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/siracentro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-05T11:38:48+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-03-09T10:51:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/gabriela_lopez_neyra_querella_argentina_1.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Israel V\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@sira_centro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@sira_centro\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Israel V\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Israel V\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9815ff63267f2e2957c81988f684c7ba\"},\"headline\":\"El 50% de las v\u00edctimas del franquismo evaluadas por Sira sufrieron simulaci\u00f3n de muerte\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-05T11:38:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-03-09T10:51:58+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1069,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/gabriela_lopez_neyra_querella_argentina_1.webp\",\"articleSection\":[\"Actualidad\",\"Memoria hist\u00f3rica\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/centrosira.org\\\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\\\/\",\"name\":\"El 50% de las v\u00edctimas del franquismo evaluadas por Sira sufrieron simulaci\u00f3n de muerte - 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