{"id":772,"date":"2026-03-05T12:38:48","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T11:38:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/?p=772"},"modified":"2026-03-09T11:51:58","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T10:51:58","slug":"querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/en\/querella-argentina-ceaqua-victimas-franquismo-dictadura-servini\/","title":{"rendered":"50% of the victims of Francoism evaluated by Sira suffered simulated death."},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra, coordinator of the Sira Center, testified as an expert witness in Buenos Aires, within the framework of the \u201cArgentine Lawsuit\u201d, the only lawsuit against Francoism still in force<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Since 2017, the Sira Center has conducted expert assessments of 26 cases of torture during the Franco dictatorship, through the<strong>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.psicosocial.net\/investigacion\/analisis-calidad-protocolo-estambul\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Istanbul Protocol<\/a><\/strong>.That is why, in her capacity as an expert, the coordinator of the entity,&nbsp;<strong>Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra<\/strong>, traveled to Buenos Aires to testify before the Federal Criminal and Correctional Court No. 1 of Buenos Aires, whose head is Judge&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsaltodiario.com\/querella-argentina-contra-los-crimenes-del-franquismo\/maria-servini-jueza-84-anos-resiste-retiro-impunidad-franquismo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Mar\u00eda Romilda Servini<\/a><\/strong>.L\u00f3pez was part of the delegation of&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceaqua.org\/resumen-del-viaje-a-argentina-del-16-al-24-de-marzo-de-2024-de-una-delegacion-de-ceaqua\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CEAQUA<\/a>&nbsp;<\/strong>who traveled to Argentina with the aim of providing new documentary, expert and testimonial evidence, which would serve to obtain new charges against those responsible for the crimes committed during the dictatorship and the Transition.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The coordinator of the Sira Center emphasized in her statement to the Court that all the people evaluated suffered&nbsp;<strong>coercive interrogations<\/strong>.Through various methods of torture, the Francoist police sought&nbsp;<strong>break the will<\/strong>&nbsp;of those examined and obtain new indictments. In this regard, it is also noted that, between 1970 and 1978, all the people evaluated suffered&nbsp;<strong>physical and psychological torture&nbsp;<\/strong>similar, so it can be deduced that their methods were systematic and did not vary.&nbsp;<strong>90% of the victims say they suffered humiliating acts and 70% acts that generate shame.&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All the people evaluated by the Center were&nbsp;<strong>under 26 years of age at the time of their arrest<\/strong>.More than half were taken to a holding cell without being informed of the reason for their arrest, and by plainclothes officers. All were detained for days (some cases up to 32 days) and were then transferred to prison without any legal safeguards. It is at the time of their arrest that they suffer physical and psychological torture for days at the hands of the officers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inhumane detention conditions<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>38.91% of the people evaluated reported having been in&nbsp;<strong>inhumane detention conditions<\/strong>. People suffered restrictions on their food, access to water, and toilet access. Furthermore, they were subjected to constantly changing conditions of temperature, light, and noise, which caused constant stress.&nbsp;<strong>disorientation<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The total number of victims of Francoism assessed also shows that the police constantly sought to instill fear among those arrested: 83.31% suffered&nbsp;<strong>threats<\/strong>, which in many cases also alluded to their&nbsp;<strong>family<\/strong>; and the&nbsp;<strong>33% witnessed other people being tortured<\/strong>. In addition to these conclusions, it is noteworthy that more than half of the victims assessed suffered&nbsp;<strong>death simulation<\/strong>.As a consequence of the severity of the torture,&nbsp;<strong>17% of the people had suicidal attempts during detention<\/strong>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201d&quot;The 80% of the experts consider that the period of detention exposed them to a physical and psychological battle against their own body.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Systematized torture<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The actions intended to inflict pain were continuous throughout the arrests. Almost all of the individuals were beaten or subjected to methods of asphyxiation, whether dry, with a bag, or in a bathtub. Those assessed suffered kicks, slaps, blows with batons, telephone books, or punches inflicted by officers simultaneously, in hallways or groups. Many of these beatings occurred while the individuals were forcibly immobilized, chained to a radiator, or forced to stand or squat for hours.&nbsp;<strong>The 80% of the victims of Francoism who were examined consider that the period of detention exposed them to a physical battle against their own bodies<\/strong>. Additionally, a 40% reports having suffered&nbsp;<strong>sexual violence<\/strong>, which includes touching or forced nudity.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regarding torture of a strictly psychological nature, 78% of the victims suffered emotional manipulation. This refers to situations in which the perpetrators sought to create bonds with the victims, from which they could later extract information for their own benefit. According to the coordinator of the Sira Center, this involves \u201ca role-playing game where someone acts in a way that favors the detainee, or the creation of ambiguous situations that cause confusion.\u201d.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regarding the consequences, all participants suffered immediate physical effects, and of these, almost half suffered long-term physical effects. Today, 701% of the people evaluated present with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u201cWe are very far from Argentina\u201d<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>In a&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsaltodiario.com\/memoria-historica\/unica-querella-franquismo-permanece-viva-mundo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">interview for El Salto<\/a><\/strong>, The coordinator of the Sira Center recounts how she witnessed both the Spanish government and judges blocking the information requested by the Argentine judge, as well as the requests for victims to testify on Spanish soil. \u201cMy feeling is that Judge Servini is very willing, but she is facing many difficulties due to a lack of cooperation from the Spanish state,\u201d she explains. For Gabriela, there is still a long way to go before Spain reaches a position similar to Argentina&#039;s regarding justice and reparations for the victims of the dictatorship: \u00abWe are very far from Argentina, where they have 1,200 convicted military officers. They also had an amnesty law that they revoked, and a narrative that went from silence to the cry of \u00abnever again\u00bb in an exercise of democratic growth for Argentine society and its new generations,\u00bb she points out.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra, coordinadora del Centro Sira, testific\u00f3 como perito en Buenos Aires, en el marco de la \u201cQuerella Argentina\u201d, la \u00fanica querella contra el franquismo vigente Desde el a\u00f1o 2017, el Centro Sira ha realizado&nbsp;evaluaciones periciales a 26 casos de tortura durante la dictadura franquista, mediante el&nbsp;Protocolo de Estambul.&nbsp;&nbsp;Es por ello&nbsp;que,&nbsp;en calidad de perito, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-memoria-historica"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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