{"id":230,"date":"2026-01-29T17:43:31","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T16:43:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/?p=230"},"modified":"2026-03-09T12:03:32","modified_gmt":"2026-03-09T11:03:32","slug":"impunidad-franquismo-50-anos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/en\/impunidad-franquismo-50-anos\/","title":{"rendered":"Breaking impunity: memory, truth and justice 50 years after Franco's regime"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>On the eve of the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, the Sira Centre and La Comuna Presxs are organising the event \u201c50 years of impunity\u201d, a day to look back and analyse the consequences of half a century without justice for the victims of Franco's regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fifty years after the death of Francisco Franco, the crimes committed during the dictatorship remain unprosecuted. Murders, forced disappearances, torture, exile, sexual and gender repression, baby-stealing and other systematic human rights violations&nbsp;<strong>remain unpunished<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the occasion of the International Day in Support of Victims of Torture, on Tuesday, 24 June, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/teatrodelbarrio.com\/50-anos-de-impunidad-romper-la-impunidad-del-franquismo-desde-una-mirada-psicojuridica\/\">Teatro del Barrio<\/a>&nbsp;the event \u201c50 years of impunity\u201d, organized by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lacomunapresxsdelfranquismo.org\/\">The Prisoners' Commune<\/a>&nbsp;and the Sira Centre, with the aim of making the persistence of this injustice visible and reinforcing the demand for truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-repetition for the victims.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through the round table&nbsp;<strong>\u201cBreaking the impunity of Francoism from a psycho-legal perspective\u201d.\u201d<\/strong>, moderated by&nbsp;<strong>Paula Pof,&nbsp;<\/strong>from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/turbacomunicacion.com\/\">Peat Agency<\/a>, experts from the legal, psychological and social fields reflected on the open wounds left by impunity and the pending challenges to build a real democratic memory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Following the presentation of more than&nbsp;<strong>115 complaints<\/strong>&nbsp;throughout Spain,&nbsp;<strong>Jacinto Lara<\/strong>, The&nbsp;<strong>Coordinadora Estatal de Apoyo a la Querella Argentina (State Coordinating Committee in Support of the Argentinean Complaint)<\/strong>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceaqua.org\/\">CEAQUA<\/a>), stressed that, thanks to the impetus of memorialist organisations and civil society, \u201csomething is moving\u201d in terms of memory and justice. In Spain, up to&nbsp;<strong>six causes<\/strong>&nbsp;related to Francoist crimes, a development that seemed unthinkable only a few years ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lara celebrated&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.eldiario.es\/sociedad\/martin-villa-jueza-responsable-franquismo-respondera-banquillo-crimenes_1_12388472.html\">the imputation of&nbsp;<strong>Rodolfo Mart\u00edn Villa<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;-minister of Trade Union Relations during the dictatorship- and of Daniel Aroca, a member of the Armed Police, for their alleged link to the death of&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsaltodiario.com\/transicion\/teofilo-del-valle-primera-victima-violencia-politica-transicion\">Te\u00f3filo del Valle<\/a><\/strong>. In addition, he underlined the historical relevance of the fact that, in May 2023, for the first time a Spanish court will take a statement from a victim and a witness of torture during Franco's regime:&nbsp;<strong>Julio Pacheco and Rosa Garc\u00eda<\/strong>. \u201cWe are talking about court rulings that, to date, are still exceptional, but we have to keep moving forward,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Carlos Serrano<\/strong>, of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lacomunapresxsdelfranquismo.org\/\">The Prisoners' Commune<\/a>, The admission of the lawsuits as \u201ca very strong oxygen balloon\u201d after so many years of effort. \u201cFor us, the lawsuits are a fundamental political tool in the fight against the impunity of Francoism,\u201d he said. However, he warned that, despite the advances in the dissemination of democratic memory and social mobilisation, there is still a latent threat from conservative governments, who put these achievements at risk and question the meaning of history. In this sense,&nbsp;<strong>Daniel Canales<\/strong>, of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.es.amnesty.org\/\">Amnesty International<\/a>, He pointed out that there is currently a kind of idealisation of the Franco regime, which can be explained \u201cby the fact that the state has not implemented a decisive policy to establish the truth about this dark period of our past\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1.webp\" class=\"wp-image-875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1.webp 1920w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1-1536x864.webp 1536w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_la_comuna_franquismo_1-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Argentina's lawsuit as a tool against impunity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the central themes of the event was the&nbsp;<strong>Argentinian complaint<\/strong>, The international judicial case that since 2010 has been investigating crimes against humanity committed during the Franco dictatorship and the transition to democracy. More than fifteen years after its initial momentum, this process continues to be a key avenue for victims who have not yet found justice in Spain. Currently, 13 people are still alive and charged in this case, among them the former minister during the dictatorship,&nbsp;<strong>Rodolfo Mart\u00edn Villa.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The speakers agreed in highlighting the symbolic and legal effectiveness of the lawsuit, not only because of the judicial advances achieved, but also because of its capacity to put the Spanish state under judicial, legislative and social tension. \u201cAll this journey has served to educate, to put on the table the fact that the fight against impunity is absolutely essential\u201d, affirmed the speakers.&nbsp;<strong>Jacinto Lara.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_ceaquaa_franquismo_1536x864_1.webp\" class=\"wp-image-876\" srcset=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_ceaquaa_franquismo_1536x864_1.webp 1536w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_ceaquaa_franquismo_1536x864_1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_ceaquaa_franquismo_1536x864_1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_ceaquaa_franquismo_1536x864_1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_ceaquaa_franquismo_1536x864_1-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The impacts of torture during the Franco dictatorship<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Another key focus of the conference was the analysis of the psychological and physical impacts of Franco's repression. Since 2017, the Sira Centre has drawn up expert reports on more than 26 cases of torture that occurred during the dictatorship, applying the&nbsp;<strong>Istanbul Protocol<\/strong>&nbsp;as an evaluation tool. For this reason, on behalf of the organisation, the psychologist&nbsp;<strong>Gabriela L\u00f3pez Neyra<\/strong>&nbsp;travelled to Buenos Aires to provide new expert evidence in the framework of the Argentinean lawsuit. The CEAQUA delegation thus sought to reinforce the judicial proceedings with new elements that would allow the charges against those responsible for the regime to move forward.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During his speech,&nbsp;<strong>L\u00f3pez<\/strong>&nbsp;shared some of the conclusions drawn from the reports, underlining that most of the people assessed had between&nbsp;<strong>18 and 26 years old at the time of their arrest<\/strong>. Many of them were students and had their personal and academic careers interrupted. Documented torture techniques included beatings, death threats, mock executions, sensory deprivation and systematic attacks on personal identity. According to the data collected, 90 % of the victims report having been subjected to humiliating acts, 70 % to shame-inducing practices, and 80 % describe the period of detention as&nbsp;<strong>\u201ca physical and psychological battle against his own body\u201d.\u201d<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_gabriela_lopez_franquismo_1536x864_1.webp\" class=\"wp-image-877\" srcset=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_gabriela_lopez_franquismo_1536x864_1.webp 1536w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_gabriela_lopez_franquismo_1536x864_1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_gabriela_lopez_franquismo_1536x864_1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_gabriela_lopez_franquismo_1536x864_1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/50_anos_de_impunidad_evento_gabriela_lopez_franquismo_1536x864_1-18x10.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Obstacles and challenges in the fight against impunity<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The round table concluded with a collective reflection on the main issues of the&nbsp;<strong>obstacles<\/strong>&nbsp;facing organisations and movements fighting against the impunity of Franco's regime. The speakers agreed that, despite the progress made, significant institutional resistance and structural challenges persist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the most relevant aspects pointed out in the closing session of the roundtable was the weakening of the international human rights system, which seriously limits the capacity to exert judicial and political pressure on states. \u201cWe are witnessing a televised genocide which international law is demonstrating&nbsp;<strong>being unable to avoid<\/strong>. Today, it is a challenge to continue to argue that compliance with international law is an obligation for states,\u201d he warned.&nbsp;<strong>Daniel Canales<\/strong>, of Amnesty International. In this context, he also underlined the Spanish state's unwillingness to implement the recommendations of international bodies and to make progress in judicial investigations into the crimes committed during Franco's regime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The lack of sustained and massive social mobilisation was also highlighted, although advances in collective awareness were acknowledged. \u201cIt is an obstacle that is costing us, but I believe that with time we are going to achieve it,\u201d he said.&nbsp;<strong>Carlos Serrano<\/strong>, of La Comuna Presxs.&nbsp;<strong>\u201cBy coming together, I believe we can break down the wall of impunity,&nbsp;<\/strong>concluded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"960\" data-id=\"879\" src=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8_768x960_1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-879\" srcset=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8_768x960_1.webp 768w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8_768x960_1-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/8_768x960_1-10x12.webp 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"960\" data-id=\"880\" src=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1_768x960_1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880\" srcset=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1_768x960_1.webp 768w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1_768x960_1-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/1_768x960_1-10x12.webp 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"960\" data-id=\"881\" src=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/10_768x960_1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-881\" srcset=\"https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/10_768x960_1.webp 768w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/10_768x960_1-240x300.webp 240w, https:\/\/centrosira.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/10_768x960_1-10x12.webp 10w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-right\">Paz Romero y Jes\u00fas Rodr\u00edguez, ambos de La Comuna Presxs, y Cecilia de Andr\u00e9s.<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En v\u00edsperas del D\u00eda Internacional en Apoyo de las V\u00edctimas de la Tortura, el Centro Sira y La Comuna Presxs organizan el acto \u201c50 a\u00f1os de impunidad\u201d, una jornada para mirar hacia atr\u00e1s y analizar las consecuencias de medio siglo sin justicia para las v\u00edctimas del franquismo A 50 a\u00f1os de la muerte de Francisco [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,16,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-alianzas","category-memoria-historica"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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